Evidence of the Afterlife
By Daniel C. Peterson · October 30, 2022
To read more from Daniel, visit his blog: Sic
Et Non.
One of
the most consistently interesting books that I’ve read on the subject of
near-death experiences—and I’ve read quite a number of them—is Evidence of the
Afterlife: The Science of Near-Death Experiences (New York: HarperOne, 2010), by Jeffrey Long, M.D.,
with Paul Perry. Dr. Long is a practicing radiation oncologist
and the founder of the Near Death Experience Research Foundation (NDERF).
Early in the book, he lays out his basic methodology and summarizes his chief
arguments as follows:
“By
scientifically studying the more than 1,300 cases shared with NDERF”—that was
the total in the Foundation’s still-growing archive at the time the book was
written more than a decade ago—”I believe that the nine lines of evidence
presented in this book all converge on one central point: There is life
after death.
“The
convergence of several lines of evidence—like the nine presented in this
book—builds a much stronger case than only a single line of evidence.
“For
example, suppose we had only two lines of NDE evidence. We may not be 100
percent convinced that these two lines of evidence prove an afterlife, but
perhaps each line of evidence by itself is 90 percent convincing.
Combined, these two lines of evidence by mathematical calculation are 99
percent convincing that the afterlife exists.”
As for
Dr. Long’s nine distinct lines of evidence, here they are, in his own
summarizing words:
1. The
level of consciousness and alertness during near-death experiences is
usually greater than that experienced during everyday life,
even though NDEs generally occur while a person is unconscious or clinically
dead. The elements in NDEs generally follow a consistent and logical
order.
2. What
NDErs see and hear in the out-of-body state during their near-death experiences
is generally realistic and often verified later by the NDEr or others as real.
3. Normal
or supernormal vision occurs in near-death experiences among those with
significantly impaired vision or even legal blindness. Several NDErs who
were blind from birth have reported highly visual near-death experiences.
4. Typical
near-death experiences occur under general anesthesia at a time when conscious
experience should be impossible.
5. Life
reviews in near-death experiences include real events that took place in the
NDErs’ lives, even if the events were forgotten.
6. When
NDErs encounter beings they knew from their earthly life, they are virtually
always deceased, usually deceased relatives.
7. The
near-death experiences of children, including very young children, are
strikingly similar to those of older children and adults.
8. Near-death
experiences are remarkably consistent around the world. NDEs from
non-Western countries appear similar to typical Western NDEs.
9. It is
common for NDErs to experience changes in their lives as aftereffects following
NDEs. Aftereffects are often powerful and lasting, and the changes follow
a consistent pattern. (199-200)
In
“Evidence of the Afterlife,” Dr. Long sets those nine converging lines of
evidence forth in some detail and provides substantiating cases, evidence, and
analysis that I, at least, find compelling. I’ll offer just a few
specimens here in this short space, and for only some of his lines of evidence:
With
regard to Dr. Long’s first evidential line, patients who are unconscious,
comatose, under sedation, or even clinically brain dead shouldn’t be perceiving
anything at all and then recalling vivid memories, let alone reporting enhanced
perception. They shouldn’t be accurately perceiving persons, events, and
conversations not only in the room where they’re located but in other
locations, sometimes at a distance. And yet they continually report
precisely such experiences: “I am slightly hard of hearing,” says one.
“During that time, I could hear everything. Super hearing would be a
better term.” “Colors,” says another, “were electric, smells
fantastic.” A third reports being able to see “360 degrees.” “I had
never been more alert,” says yet another. “The colors on the other side,”
declares one account in Dr. Long’s collection, “are the brightest colors; our
most fluorescent colors on this earth are muddy (compared) to the brightness
and vividness of the colors that are in Heaven.” “I saw colors I could
never explain,” remembers one account. “A shade of red that I will never
forget.” “I was taken to a beautiful meadow with the most gorgeous plant
life and colors so vibrant that I’ve never seen anywhere; it was
amazing!” “I was sensing, seeing, feeling, on another plane. It is
like trying to explain the colors of the rainbow to a blind person.”
Dr.
Long’s third line of evidence represents the extreme case of such enhanced
perception: Highly visual near-death experiences not only among those
with significantly impaired vision but among the legally blind and,
astonishingly, among those blind from birth. He calls this “blind
sight.” (The classic treatment of this subject is Kenneth Ring and Sharon
Cooper, “Mindsight: Near-Death and Out-of-Body Experiences in the Blind,” the
first edition of which was published in 1999.)
“Everything
was very bright and sharp. I am legally blind without my glasses, but the
nurse took my glasses before they took me to the delivery room, but I could see
clearly what the doctor was doing.” “Clarity, bright lights.
Looking back, I had perfect eyesight (I am terribly nearsighted); everything
was solid.”
Of
course, skeptics might challenge such claims by saying that they reflect mere
pleasant dreams—though those reporting what happened to them in these cases
regularly push back, insisting that the clarity and lucidity of their
experiences is completely distinct from dreaming. Even more problematic,
though, for those who would reject these accounts is that many experiencers
recount with remarkable accuracy events (such as their own resuscitation) that
happened in and around their accidents or their operating rooms.
Typically, these are events that they were in no position to observe, commonly
seen from vantage points quite separate from the locations of their physical
bodies. This is Dr. Long’s second line of evidence:
One
example: “Suddenly, my consciousness rose above (my bed in) the ICU. I remember
having told myself that I had not had an out-of-body experience so this could
not be happening. As I rose, I told myself ‘Well, here it is.’” Another: “Lying
on my back. Awake. Suddenly I am looking down at myself from the ceiling.
\My position is reversed; that is, my head is opposite to my feet on the
bed. I see myself very clearly.”
Yet another:
“The next thing I knew I was a hundred feet above the river, looking down at
the raft stuck against the rocks below. I saw the two men in the raft
looking for me to come out from underneath. I saw the other woman, who
had been in our raft, downstream, clinging to a rock. I watched my
husband and my teenage sister . . . come running back up the hill to find out
why all the debris was floating down the river. . . . From above, I
watched my husband climb onto a rock in the river. . . . He looked as if
he wanted to jump in to try to find me, and I suddenly found myself at his
side, trying to stop him because he wasn’t much of a swimmer and I knew there
was no point. When I reached out to stop him, my hand went right through
him. I looked at my hand and thought, oh, my god, I’m dead!”
(A
remarkable and similar story of apparent drowning—her own experience in the
rapids of a South American river—is told by the orthopedic surgeon Mary C. Neal
in her 2012 bestseller, “To Heaven And Back: A Doctor’s Extraordinary Account
of Her Death, Heaven, Angels, and Life Again.”)
The
near-death experiences of very young children constitute the basis of Dr.
Long’s seventh line of evidence for the survival of human consciousness and
personality beyond death. Why? Because young children haven’t
usually been indoctrinated with specific concepts of death or an afterlife and
almost certainly haven’t carefully studied the literature on the subject.
Thus, their reports are about as uncontaminated by preconceptions as we can
hope to find.
Five-year-old
Paul was struck by a passing van. “I felt like a hydrogen balloon
floating in the air. I was going upward. I slowly opened my eyes,
and I saw my body lying on the roadside. I got really frightened. I
felt . . . paralyzed and I was going upward, but I felt . . . someone was
carrying me very lovingly.” Eleven-year-old Jennifer saw her “limp and
lifeless body” below after being involved in a serious car accident. She
didn’t want to go back, but a spiritual being not only told her that she must
but gave her specific instructions for helping a man who had been severely
injured in the same crash.
Three-year-old
Katie choked on a cashew. Her grandfather, a firefighter, desperately
tried to revive her but couldn’t, and pronounced her dead. “When I died,”
she later recalled, “I rose above my body and saw my grandfather working on my
body. My body was of no interest to me; instead, I moved out of the room
toward a presence I felt in the living room area. I went toward this presence,
which was within a brilliant, sun(lit), bright, space. . . . The presence
was unbelievable peace, love, acceptance, calm, and joy. The presence
enveloped me, and my joy was indescribable—as I write this, I am brought back
to this emotion, and it delights me still. The feeling is
spectacular. I did not experience this presence as God (I was too young
to understand the concept), but I did experience this concept as that which
made me. I knew without a doubt that I was a made creature, a being that owed
its existence to this presence.”
Near
the end of the book, Dr. Long reflects again on his argument:
“If
each of two lines of evidence from near-death experiences (NDEs) is 90 percent
convincing of the existence of an afterlife, then the combination of these two
lines of evidence may be considered as follows: The probability that
either of these lines of NDE evidence individually is not convincing
of the existence of an afterlife is 10 percent, or 0.1. The probability
that the combination of these two lines of NDE evidence
is not convincing of the existence of an afterlife is (0.1 x
0.1), or 0.01, which is 1 percent. Thus the combination of
two lines of NDE evidence, each of which is 90 percent convincing of the
existence of an afterlife, gives 100 percent minus 1 percent, or 99 percent
confidence that the afterlife is convincingly felt to exist.”
I’m not
sure that I care much about the specific numbers above, or that I’m entirely
comfortable with the calculation by which Dr. Long arrives at a confidence
level of 99% after just two arguments. But it seems intuitively obvious
to me, whether one assigns precise numbers to the probabilities or not, that an
argument that has largely convinced you of a particular conclusion is
strengthened, not weakened, by adding a second convincing argument to it.
And that to add a third corroborating argument to it, and a fourth, and
eventually a ninth renders your conclusion all the more plausible and secure.
“All
men know that they must die,” said the Prophet Joseph Smith. “And it is
important that we should understand the reasons and causes of our exposure to
the vicissitudes of life and of death, and the designs and purposes of God in
our coming into the world, our suffering here, and our departure hence.
What is the object of our coming into existence, then dying and falling away,
to be here no more? It is but reasonable to suppose that God would reveal
something in reference to the matter, and it is a subject we ought to
study more than any other. We ought to study it day and night, for
the world is ignorant in reference to their true condition and relation.”
I’ve
been able to give you only the barest flavor here of Jeffrey Long’s “Evidence
of the Afterlife.” But I hope that it’s been enough to interest at least some
of you in taking a closer look.
https://latterdaysaintmag.com/evidence-of-the-afterlife/?utm_source=iContact&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=scot-maurine-proctor&utm_content=Tuesday%2C+November+1%2C+2022
